Return to note i The classic discussion of this effect is Merrifield, J. (1998). Contested ground: Performance accountability in adult basic education. Cambridge, MA: NCSALL.
Return to note ii Advisory Committee on Literacy and Essential Skills. (2005). Towards a fully literate Canada: Achieving national goals through a comprehensive pan-Canadian literacy strategy. Ottawa: Author.
Return to note iii Campbell, P. (2006). Student Assessment in Adult Basic Education: A Canadian Snapshot. Edmonton: Author.
Return to note iv Praxis. (2007). Mapping the field: A framework for measuring, monitoring and reporting on adult learning in Canada. Halifax: Author.
Return to note v Adult Learning Knowledge Centre & Work and Learning Knowledge Centre. (2008). Reaching for the tipping point in adult literacy. Executive summary. Ottawa: Canadian Council on Learning.
Return to note vi Canadian Council on Learning. (2008). Reading the future: Planning to meet Canada’s future literacy needs. Ottawa: Author.
Return to note vii For discussion about Reading the Future see the Literacies Special Bulletin of September 2008 (www.literacyjournal.ca) and the response by the CCL (www.ccl-cca.ca).
Return to note viii Faris, R. & Blunt, A. (2006). Report on the CMEC Forum on Adult Literacy. Prince George, BC: Council of Ministers of Education, Canada.
Return to note ix Connecting the Dots. (2008). Moving the conversation forward: Adult literacy and Accountability. Proceedings report of the Pan-Canadian Symposium. Montreal: Centre for Literacy of Quebec.
Return to note x Crooks, S. et al. (2008). Voices from the field. Montreal: Centre for Literacy of Quebec.
Return to note xi See, for example, Millar, R. (2005). Essential skills and lifelong learning: Friend or foe? Literacies 6, 31–33.
Return to note xii See Literacy and Basic Skills Section, Workplace Preparation Branch, Ministry of Training, Colleges and Universities. (2000). Common assessment in the literacy and basic skills program. Toronto: Author. Available at: www.edu.gov.on.ca/eng/training/literacy/assessmt/assess.pdf
Return to note xiii There are also a list of work-related skills that are sometimes appended, though these are of a different order than those above.
Return to note xiv Common assessment, p.18.
Return to note xv For a fuller description of the Ontario system, see Connecting the Dots. (2008). Ontario provincial adult literacy profile: Funders, providers and accountability. Available at: www.literacyandaccountability.ca
Return to note xvi Connecting the Dots. (2008). British Columbia provincial adult literacy profile: Funders, providers and accountability. Available at: www.literacyandaccountability.ca
Return to note xvii Ministry of Advanced Education and Labour Market Development. (2007). Adult opportunities action plan. Available at: www.aved.gov.bc.ca/adulteducation/adult_opportunities_plan07.pdf
Return to note xviii Ministry of Advanced Education and Labour Market Development. (2008). News release, October 1, 2008. Available at: www2.news.gov.bc.ca/news_releases_2005-2009/2008ALMD0065-001496.htm
Return to note xix Available at: www.bced.gov.bc.ca/perf_stands/
Return to note xx Gadsby, L., Middleton, S. & Whitaker, C. (2007). Monitoring and Assessment in Community-Based Adult Literacy Programs. Vancouver: Literacy BC & 2010Legacies Now.