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Philippi (1988) has identified a number of such elements and strategies which are listed below. Vocabulary Recognize common words and meanings Recognize task related words with technical meanings Identify word meanings from sentence context Recognize meanings of common abbreviations and acronyms Recognizing cause and effect, predicting outcomes Use common knowledge to avoid hazard or injury Select appropriate course of action in an emergency Locating information within a text Use table of contents, index, appendices, glossary, subsystems to locate information Locate page, title, paragraph, figure, or chart needed to answer questions or solve a problem Use skimming or scanning to determine whether or not text contains relevant information Cross reference within and across source materials to select information to perform routine activity Use a completed form to locate information needed to complete a task activity Comparing and contrasting Combine information from multiple sources Select parts of a text or visual materials to complete a task Identify similarities and differences in objects Interpret codes and symbols Determine presence of a defect or extent of damage Match objects by size, color, or significant marking Classify objects by size, color, or significant marking Distinguish between relevant and irrelevant information in texts or visuals |